My city where I was born and in which I live for many years is Smederevo.
Smederevo is the city and seat of the Danube Region. It is located on the banks of the Danube in northeastern Serbia. According to the 2011 census there were 64.175 inhabitants (according to the 2002 census, there were 62.805 inhabitants). The wider area of Smederevo has a population of 108,209
With the construction of the fortress of Smederevo in 1430, Smederevo became the capital of the Serbian Despot, since Belgrade, the former capital, was returned to Hungary in 1427. The Smederevo fort was founded by the then Serbian despot Djuradj Brankovic. The Smederevo Fort was then the largest plain in Europe.
Smederevo is today a large industrial center.
The city is known by some other names in other languages: lat. Smederevo, spasm. Sfenter, mute. Semendria, rum. Semendria, M.Sc. Szendrő, tur. Semendire.
Smederevo uses the emblem in two shades of blue, which is different from heraldic principles. Also, the ribbon with the year 1430 is placed over the shield, which is unusual. The elements of the emblem are: six white disks spaced 3 + 2 + 1, representing the grapes, the Smederevo Fortress, whose tower shows a large inscription from the tower, dark blue and white beams horizontally (representing the Danube).
Smederevo is located at 44 ° 40 'north latitude and 20 ° 56' east longitude. It is located in the Central part of Serbia, on the second largest European river Danube. It is only 46 km away from the capital Belgrade.
Smederevo has a more steppe continental than temperate continental climate. The city's average annual temperature is 11.4 ° C. The average January temperature is just below zero (-0.6 ° C), while July reaches an average of 21.9 ° C. During the spring months (March, April and May), the average temperature is around 14 ° C. During the fall (September, October and November), the average temperature is 9.6 degrees. In Smederevo, about 650 mm of water precipitate falls annually. Rainfall is highest in May (72 mm) and June (86 mm) and the lowest in February (38 mm).
The first mention of Smederevo is in 1019 in the charter of the Byzantine emperor Vasily II when one of the bishops of the newly created Archdiocese of Ohrid was established here. The following written mention of Smederevo is also contained in the charter of Prince Lazar from 1381, which mentions the Ravanica Monastery and the villages and estates that it donates "in the Smederevo people to Bogosav with the municipality and with the heritage". The settlement gained importance only in the fourteenth century with the withdrawal of the Serbian state north before the Turkish invasions. In 1427, after the death of his predecessor Stefan, the despot Đurađ Branković had to return Belgrade to the Hungarian king by a previously agreed arrangement. As a city with the tradition of the capital Smederevo stood out immediately after the construction of the Smederevo fortress in 1430. Until 1459, the city was the seat of Despotovina, headed by despot Đurđ Branković. Subsequently, the city came under Turkish rule. Although destroyed in the 1459 conflict, the Turks see its extremely favorable position on the Danube and complete the fort now for their own purposes. For a long period it was the seat of the Smederevo sandžak until the arrival of the Austrians in 1718. In 1739 the city was again under the Turks. However, the development of the city during the Austro-Hungarians continued with the opening of the first elementary school in 1806, during the First Serbian Uprising. At that time, the ruling Soviet was established in the city, headed by Dosite Obradovic and Smederevo again became the capital.
Under German occupation, on June 5, 1941, Smederevo experienced a catastrophic explosion. The explosion was triggered by ammunition transported by the occupiers by rail and stored in the fort. [2] On that occasion, over 3,000 people were killed and the whole city was destroyed and partly buried.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, the city had a population of 7,000, and today, according to the latest census in 2003, it has a population of 62,900 in the city and 116,000 in the villages are among the ten largest cities in the country. In the wider area of the city, including seven suburban settlements, Smederevo has 77,808 inhabitants (according to the census from 2002. Karadjordjev's mulberry tree is a monument of nature - a botanical character but also a landmark in the history of Smederevo. Karadjordje, leader of the First Serbian Uprising, received the keys of the Smederevo fortress from the Turkish commander of the city, Dizdar Muharem Gusha, in the presence of the Serbian elders and rebels. e had allowed them to come out of Smederevo with military honors and tiny arms and ships go down the Danube in Vidin, Bulgaria.
The city has Karadjordjev mulberry tree, Museum in Smederevo, Center for Culture of Smederevo, radio Smederevo ... Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Old Smederevo Cemetery and others. In the city center is the National Library of Smederevo.
1430 - The small town of Smederevo Fortress was built
1456 - On Christmas Eve, December 24, despot Đurađ Branković died
1459 - Smederevo falls under Turkish rule
1805 - In the First Serbian Uprising, Smederevo was liberated from the Turks under the leadership of Karadjord Petrovic. In the same year the ruling Soviet was founded
1806 - The first city primary school in Serbia opens with teacher Jovan Rancic
1854 - The Church of St. George was built
1866 - Hospital established
1867 - April 12 The Turks leave Smederevo forever and hand over the keys to the city to Ljubomir Uzun Mirkovic
1871 - Gymnasium started operating
1875 - The first daily newspaper Narodnaja Volia was launched
1886 - The first train from Smederevo to Velika Plana departs from Smederevo
1899 - Theater established
1913 - The Serbian Joint Stock Company (SARTID), the forerunner of the current Smederevo ironworks, begins operating
1914 - The fall of Smederevo into the hands of the Austro-Hungarians in the First World War. The city was fiercely bombarded by cannons called fat Berta, which severely damaged the city
1918 - October 17, Smederevo was released
1941 - On June 5, at 14 hours and 14 minutes, Smederevo experienced a catastrophic explosion that had never been experienced before. The explosion was caused by ammunition stored in the fort by the occupiers. On that occasion, over 3,000 people were killed and the whole city was demolished and partly buried with earth [8] (see: Explosion at the Smederevo Fortress in 1941)
1944 - On October 16, Smederevo was liberated in the Second World War
Smederevo Municipality Day - October 5th
Commemoration of the victims of the 1941 - 5 June blast
Not only was I born in Smederevo, but I spent all my life in it, and I know every inch of the city by heart. In Smederevo you have everything, nature, entertainment, history, river, hills, beautiful buildings, factories. It can be nice and fun to live in. There are also plenty of shops, schools, parks. I recommend everyone to visit my city, you cannot see everything in just one day, so I recommend that you take a few days to visit Smederevo.
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